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There is also an option to design composite sections in ETABS 2013 and 15. You can read ETABS composite design manual from help menu for more information. Or you can use CSi column to design composite sections.

batoul, In case you follow American Design codes for your designs, you may use following references, among others: 1. Specifications regarding design of composite members are given in Section I of Part 16 in AISC Steel Construction Manual, 14e, 2011. 2. Several examples of design of composite members (including composite columns), have been provided in Chapter I of AISC Design Examples version 14.1, that can be downloaded FREE OF COST from the AISC website, using following link: http://www.aisc.org/WorkArea/showcontent.aspx?id=33520 3. 'Structural steel design' book (5e) by McCormac has a complete chapter on composite columns, besides a chapter on composite beams. Regards.

Wa-alaiku-assalam! Here are a few start points: 1. ACI 318-08 sections 11.11.6 and 13.4 deal with openings in slabs. Openings in structural diaphragms are discussed in section 21.11. 2. Effect of openings in slabs on shear strength, has been elaborated in chapter 16 (Page 16-11) of PCA Notes on ACI 318. Whereas, effect of openings on flexural strength has been explained in chapter 18 (pages 18-6 to 18-8) of PCA Notes. 3. Have a look at the following documents: a. https://www.structurepoint.org/publication/pdf/PCA-Concrete-Floor-Slab-Openings.pdf b. http://cement.org/buildings/tech_note_floor_openings.pdf c. http://mak.ac.ug/documents/Makfiles/aet2011/Tayebwa.pdf d. https://pure.ltu.se/ws/files/30966569/LTU-EX-05200-SE.pdf 4. You may model a slab in SAFE software and experiment by providing openings of different size, and at different locations (with respect to slab edges), to see effect on variation of stresses around the openings, in order to decide the amount and placement of required reinforcement. Regards.

Assalam-o-alaikum! Here are my 2 cents: If you have rectangular panels, having supports (walls, beams, columns) along the edges, the best and recommended way is to provide reinforcement in standard design strips - Column strips 7 Middle Strips (defined in ACI 318-05 Section 13.2). In SAFE software, slab reinforcement is also distributed in the form of Design Strips, subdivided into Column Strips and Middle Strips. Column strips are detailed for the required negative reinforcement, and the middle strips, for the required positive reinforcement. For rectangular slab panels, width of column strips is taken as 'span/4' of the two slab spans on either side of support (beam etc) for interior slabs, and 'sum of span/4 for exterior slab span, & the width of shade or cantilever portion' for exterior spans. In SAFE, each slab panel is subdivided into column and middle strips along both horizontal slab axes (namely, X and Y directions). Widths of various column and middle strips may be checked (and modified, if needed), using specific menu commands. For example, in order to check/modify X-direction design strips, following steps may be used (for SAFE version 8): 1. Go to 'View' -> 'Set X-strip layer' 2. Right-click on the strip to be checked/modified. 'X Design strip' options window will appear. 3. Modify the strip dimensions, if needed. 4. Press OK to make the changes effective. Process for the Y-strip layer is similar, except that 'Set Y-strip layer' option is to be selected in step-1. In case the supports are irregularly located, it is still possible to define design strips. For this purpose reference may be made to the following thread: http://www.sepakistan.com/topic/1635-design-strips-in-safe/ Regards.