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Salam Do modelling piles in CSI SAFE as springs is right practice or do we have to model actual piles.which one is better? any other easily available software for pile design? what are the critical points for pile design if one is doing peer review? how the pile cap behave?means how it transfer load to the group of piles. Regards

Mohammad, See the attached pictures, taken from sample SAFE model: (Note: Middle strip, shown in the pictures in- between the two 60 cm thick strips, is 100 cm thick.) Regards.

Use 45 degree to get your tributary Area. Calculate tributary area, multiply by load and divide by length. Thats it. You don't need to have a forumla.

see these

As you all know, that when foundation is subjected to tensile forces,sort of GAP arises at the interface between foundation(excluding pile) and soil.It is because there is no mechanism to transfer tension between two materials and besides both materials cannot take tension.Uplift analysis tries to capture this behaviour.

The main difference between SAFE 8 and 12 is that SAFE 8: was analysis 2D plate behaviour only SAFE12: by default it takes full analysis rather than 2D plate I dont my self aware of the full analysis which SAFE 12 does but the answer to the question that why NON LINEAR UPLIFT analysis in SAFE 8 takes no time and why in 12 it takes hours. We faced this problem and asked CSI guyz! because personally i dont like the SAFE 8 interface but there were people saying that if you have to do the non linear analysis export it to SAFE 12 which i really dont like. SAFE 8 was doing only 2D plate analysis (so you dont have to put restraint in x and y) only vertical springs. But in SAFE 12 if you run the analysis and check the log you will find that there is instability error because of no restraint in x and y. in SAFE 12 the options to select non linear uplift analysis are also very complex. Its not clear to select NON LINEAR UPLIFT in individual load cases or to select the option CONVERT COMBO TO NON LINEAR COMBOS well dont select the first option to check UPLIFT in each load case (results will be very strange) rather convert all load combos to non linear for uplift (results will be fine) but remember here that if you are doing 3d analysis without restraining in x and y your simplest model could take upto 3 hrs to run bcz of instabilities. to compare the results with SAFE 8 and to save run time goto RUN>Advanced options> and select 2d plate analysis option so by selecting just option you convert safe 12 to 8. no need to use the older version of SAFE and also note that in SAFE 12: Tension is + and Compression is - SAFE 8: Tension is - and Compression is +