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Dear... enlarge the thickness of shear wall (because of earthquake ) may be torsion is the first mode . Otherwise but other shear walls to avoid thickening of shear walls tell me if that works please. Regards

Dear Engr. Uzair, many thanks. But I do not need internet search. I just need to discuss these details on this forum. This post is just for knowledge sharing. Thanks Muneeb

All, Here is a very useful website to plot graphs. https://graphsketch.com Thanks.

Well explained by Mr, Waseem. The first type of Non-Linearity, the Geometric Non-Linearity can easily be incorporated into the structural model. Adding Material Non-linearity is quite difficult. Even there is no code which provides this method. There are many guidelines which normally Structural Engineers follow to add these geometric non linearity. The parameters given in the code are basically derived by considering these non linearities but these parameters do not give 100 percent reliable results, because everything depends upon the shape of structure. The code mostly covers the buildings which has symmetric shape. For example in case of Wind if the structure is not symmetrical or rectangular in shape we can not use the code based factors with 100 percent reliability. Thanks Muneeb

In Linear analysis, forces and deformations are directly proportional to each other. For example axially loaded bar has extension equal to PL/AE...more P so more extension. This is linear analysis (inclined line in graph between P and delta). In non-linear analysis forces and deformations are not directly proportional. For example, even after removing load, strain continues to increase. There are three types of non-linearaties; 1. Geometric; for example p-delta (second order effects) structural stiffness can change as the structure deforms, and therefore the displacement will not be proportional to the applied load 2. Material; for example stress is not directly proportional to strain anymore after Hook's Law limit 3. Boundary conditions; contact between components depends on the load between the components, which in turn affects the stiffness of the contacting parts, and therefore produces a displacement response that is not proportional to the applied load. These 3 types of non-linear behavior can be studied in either A. Static domain or B. Dynamic domain One need to perform non-linear analysis if either of the above problem needs to be analysed and for those structures where one of the above 3 problems post sufficient doubt in linear analysis range.