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IS PAKISTAN PREPARED ENOUGH TO HANDLE THE NEXT "BIG ONE"?? https://www.express.pk/story/968021/ Errata: The magnitude of 2005 Kashmir earthquake is mistakenly typed as 8.6. Actually it was a M7.6 event.

Very informative & impressive article, on a very very important topic of earthquake awareness, both technically as well as for the general knowledge of common people. And, that too in Urdu language for easy understanding of even non-technical people. Fully appreciated. Except a mistake (most probably typographic) of indicating Quetta in Zone 3 (Instead of Zone 4), the article is really superb, both from technical information as well from clarity points of view. Hopefully, it would help the readers understand how the earthquakes initiate, what are their negative effects & why their homes should be earthquake resistant. Regards.

Good article.. The best part is that it is in urdu.. I am trying to get a language pack for forum too that can allow urdu posts but no luck so far. Thanks for sharing.

See this thread.

My point here is different. Walls are also designed as flexural members like columns. Aspect ratio is a guide line. Cols and walls however are reinforced differently but my main point is different regarding modelling. You can do an example in a 3d model try replacing a line element with shell element of same size and check how much latetal force both are resisting (compare their base reactions).

ACI 318-14 (page 43) defines a wall: vertical element designed to resist axial load,lateral load or both,with horizontal length to thickness ratio greater then 3.