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Hashmi, For steel piles that are hammered/ driven in the ground: 2.5 * Outer Diameter of the pile is the minimum distance that is kept in Canada (I think this comes from Canadian Foundation Engineering Manual but can't recall the reference). This is out general accepted practice but normally we want to keep the minimum distance as 3.0* Outer dia of pile. If that can't be achieved then we go for 2.5*D but never lower than that. Sometimes, the piles will heave a little out of ground when adjacent piles are being driven (even with keeping 2.5-3 *D) distance. Such piles should be re-tapped. Thank you.