Leaderboard

Hii... I am using Etabs 2016 in saudi arabia, but now i want to add Saudi Building Code to Etabs for design but there is no such code there now. Can anyone please guide me how to add SBC

In my opinion the key parameter is 14 and 28 days strength and curing periods are recommendations to achieve the strength. Generally industry practice is to open forms at 14 days and load members post 28 days and curing periods might help achieve those strength in required number of days but the can only help. I have used early high strength concrete mixes like Lafarge Chronolia (https://www.lafarge.ca/en/chronolia), that can achieve the desired 28 days strength in 3 days due to higher C3A contents in the design mix. So curing is dependeted on what the target is being tried to be met and should not be looked independently of strength. If desired strength can be obtained earlier by using higher C3A content cement or water reducers, curing recommendations are just helping in bigger scheme of things. Thanks.

Calculate the peak velocity pressure, multiply it with projected area and pressure cofficient.

Assalam O Alaikum! Hoping everyone is fine and busy in their daily routine. I am here for some advice related to research proposal. I have been approaching various professors through email for research assistantship. Luckily I got few responses but problem is that I don't have any research proposal and all of them required a research proposal. I have been googling about the temperature effect on structure (mostly MS Structures) but I have not been able to come up with unique topic within this domain. Need guidance related to topic selection and what to write in proposal. Thanks in advance!

Go through relevant literature (means research papers), and read recommendation part to find the research gap. Then highlight this gap and write proposal accordingly. For your reference, you can download this paper. If interested in this topic, you can find similar papers from references of the same article. https://www.worldscientific.com/doi/10.1142/S0219455419501396

Study the PMM diagram. For column at top floor, small axial load coupled with relatively large moment is causing your PMM ratio to shoot up.

"There is no favorable wind for sailor who does not know where to go". You are asking wrong questions. Whatever I write, will misguide you.

Use ACI 530-11 for the reference. You do not need a software for these structures, unless you want to know the design shear on individual wall panels. For most masonry buildings (rectangular shape with no vertical irregularities, normal size rooms, and only the normal size window and door openings) you do not even need to consult any code or use software. You should be able to design these kind of structures in 30 minutes.

Design your floor system by checking the "ignore vertical offsets in non P/T Models". It is performing incorrect analysis when you uncheck this option; you can compare the shape of bending moment diagram in beams as a reference. It gives a weird shape when you uncheck this option. Ignoring or considering the 2D analysis only will have negligible effect.

For gravity loads, and for the purpose of deflection check ( which needs to be checked against gravity loads), it is reasonable to use 2D analysis option. Even if your are using 3D analysis by unchecking this option, your results should approximately be the same, as you are using gravity loads only. Another scenario where this option can lead to considerably different results is when you have angled columns. Vertical offsets are used to model raised and depressed slab panels. If you have not modelled them, it does not matter if that option is checked or not. How much is the difference in results in terms of percentage? I doubt if your results are differing by considerable amount.

There is huge gap between the two in Pakistan, engineering graduates comes in field and almost know nothing about industry practices, engineering graduates required to have field knowledge and a fair understanding of there trade, they must know their basic discipline, after two years of engineering degree, they must be exposed to practical jobs, they must be doing part-time practical work near there institute, if they are doing so while graduating they will jump straight into the field, this will give them clarity of mind about there engineering studies and their interest.At the moment engineering students coming from university need at least 6 months to one year to develop basic understanding of the engineering practices.At the start of career engineering graduate shall define their interest very clearly (yes/no rule), they shall go to seniors in the field, have meetings and request someone near you to mentor you, consult different career paths this could make the path easier and vectored.P.S. No engineering is out of scope at any stage, if you have interest and willingness to learn, you can grow, success is yours.

Yes. We can 10.3.1.2 For columns with cross sections larger than required by considerations of loading, it shall be permitted to base gross area considered, required reinforcement, and design strength on a reduced effective area, not less than one-half the total area. but need to be considered the following as well This provision shall not apply to columns in special moment frames or columns not part of the seismic-force-resisting system required to be designed in accordance with Chapter 18.

Yes, You can reduce. ACI 318 calls them Architectural Columns, See following sections of ACI 318-14 ACI 318-14 (R10.3.1.2) But, you need to be careful in areas where ductility demand is high.

Kindly clarify details of section? What diameter and thickness you are using for pipe sections? And sheet thickness you mentioned is sheet of billboard? What exactly structural system you are using?

Asssalam-o-alaikum! You might need to increase your main member (pipe) size (thereby increasing stiffness), or to add brackets and bracing, to reduce deflection. BTW... I am unable to understand, why are modelling pipe as shell, instead of frame? What is its basis, and to what advantages it may lead to? Regards.